Structural Pathology and Pathophysiology of HCM and Visualization of Pathology with Echocardiography

Echocardiographic Techniques and Tips to Optimize:

• • Establishment of the diagnosis of HCM
  • Determination of the hypertrophy pattern and measurement of LV wall thickness
  • Assessment for the presence of LV apical hypertrophy and apical aneurysms
  • Assessment of LV systolic and diastolic function
  • Assessment of mitral valve structure, motion, and function, including detection of systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the valve
  • Assessment for diastolic dysfunction with parameters such as E/A ratio, deceleration time of E wave, tissue Doppler imaging (E’ wave), and LA size
  • Assessment of Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) with speckle-tracking echocardiography
  • Assessment of LVEF and presence and severity of LVOTO, determining peak LVOT gradient at rest and during provocation (e.g., Valsalva maneuver, exercise); use color Doppler and continuous-wave Doppler as needed
  • Assessment for abnormalities in the aortic root and ascending aorta
  • Ultrasound Enhancing Agents

When is TEE Needed?

Quick Hits:

• The REMS Program for Mavacamten: Imaging Requirements (Focus on Systolic Dysfunction)
• CMR and Multimodal Imaging in HCM: A Brief Primer
• Is There a Role for Artificial Intelligence in HCM Imaging?

Q&A